What Does an Orthopedic Doctor Specialize In? An orthopedic doctor, sometimes referred to as an orthopedic surgeon, specializes in the diseases and conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system (i.e., bones, muscles, joints, nerves, ligaments and tendons). They diagnose and treat injuries and chronic conditions such as broken bones and arthritis. Following a serious injury or surgery, orthopedic doctors also help with directing rehabilitation to improve a patient’s strength, flexibility and range of motion. While all orthopedic surgeons are familiar with the entire musculoskeletal system, some focus their practice on subspecialty areas, including: Hand Shoulder and elbow Hip and knee Foot and ankle Spine Trauma surgery Sports medicine What Does an Orthopedic Doctor Do? Treat and prevent injury – Orthopedic doctors
